---
title: Nahum 3:17 (JPS 1917) — Thy crowned are as the locusts, and thy marshals as the swarms of gr… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thy crowned are as the locusts, and thy marshals as the swarms of grasshoppers, which camp in the walls in the cold day, but when the sun ariseth they flee away, and their place is not known where they are. Who acts: crowned, swarms, sun. Nahum 3:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Nahum 3:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thy crowned are as the locusts, and thy marshals as the swarms of grasshoppers, which camp in the walls in the cold day, but when the sun ariseth they flee away, and their place is not known where they are.

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**Who acts:** crowned, swarms, sun · **What happens:** be, camp, arise, flee away, not know · **To what, where:** walls, place

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This is Nahum 3:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crowned, swarms, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NAM:50
# text = Thy crowned are as the locusts, and thy marshals as the swarms of grasshoppers, which camp in the walls in the cold day, but when the sun ariseth they flee away, and their place is not known where they are.
1	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	crowned	crowned	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	locusts	locust	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	marshals	marshal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	swarms	swarm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	grasshoppers	grasshopper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	camp	camp	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
27	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
28	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	31	mark	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	ariseth	arise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	advcl	_	_
32	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	flee	flee	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
34	away	away	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
37	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
39	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux:pass	_	_
40	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	41	advmod	_	_
41	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	conj	_	_
42	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	41	advcl	_	_
43	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
44	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Thy crowned |  |  |  |  | as the locusts and thy marshals as the swarms of grasshoppers | tree rules |
| 2 | **camp** | present | the swarms of grasshoppers |  |  | the walls | day |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wall=Location |
| 3 | **arise** | present | the sun |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **flee away** | present | crowned |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **know** | present · passive |  | crowned's place |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 6 | **is** | present | crowned |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מִנְּזָרַ֙יִךְ֙ כָּֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְטַפְסְרַ֖יִךְ כְּג֣וֹב גֹּבָ֑י הַֽחוֹנִ֤ים בַּגְּדֵרוֹת֙ בְּי֣וֹם קָרָ֔ה שֶׁ֤מֶשׁ זָֽרְחָה֙ וְנוֹדַ֔ד וְלֹֽא־נוֹדַ֥ע מְקוֹמ֖וֹ אַיָּֽם׃

[Nahum 3:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.3.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NAM:50` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Nahum 3:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.49/)
- next →: [Nahum 3:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.51/)
- ↑ back to [Nahum 3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.3.17/)