---
title: Obadiah 1:11 (JPS 1917) — In the day that thou didst stand aloof, in the day that strangers ca… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the day that thou didst stand aloof, in the day that strangers carried away his substance, and foreigners entered into his gates, and cast lots upon Jerusalem, even thou wast as one of them. Who acts: thou, strangers, foreigners. Obadiah 1:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Obadiah 1:11 · JPS 1917

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In the day that thou didst stand aloof, in the day that strangers carried away his substance, and foreigners entered into his gates, and cast lots upon Jerusalem, even thou wast as one of them.

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**Who acts:** thou, strangers, foreigners · **What happens:** stand, carry away, enter, cast, be · **To what, where:** day, gates, lots

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This is Obadiah 1:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, strangers, foreigners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:OBA:13
# text = In the day that thou didst stand aloof, in the day that strangers carried away his substance, and foreigners entered into his gates, and cast lots upon Jerusalem, even thou wast as one of them.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
5	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	_
6	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	aloof	aloof	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
14	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	away	away	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	foreigners	foreigner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
22	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
23	into	into	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
29	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
30	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	even	even	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nsubj	_	_
35	wast	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	cop	_	_
36	as	as	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nmod	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	37	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past · do-support | thou | the day |  |  |  | aloof *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **carry away** | past | strangers | the day |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent substance=Theme |
| 3 | **enter** | past | foreigners |  |  | shame's gates |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into gate=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **cast** | past | foreigners *not said here* | lots |  |  |  | upon Jerusalem | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent lot=Theme upon jerusalem=Destination |
| 5 | **is** | past | thou |  |  |  | day | as one; of foreigners *= foreigner* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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בְּיוֹם֙ עֲמָֽדְךָ֣ מִנֶּ֔גֶד בְּי֛וֹם שְׁב֥וֹת זָרִ֖ים חֵיל֑וֹ וְנָכְרִ֞ים בָּ֣אוּ שְׁעָרָ֗יו וְעַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יַדּ֣וּ גוֹרָ֔ל גַּם־אַתָּ֖ה כְּאַחַ֥ד מֵהֶֽם׃

[Obadiah 1:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/OBA.1.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:OBA:13` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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