---
title: Obadiah 1:13 (JPS 1917) — Thou shouldest not have entered into the gate of My people in the da… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thou shouldest not have entered into the gate of My people in the day of their calamity; yea, thou shouldest not have gazed on their affliction in the day of their calamity, nor have laid hands on their substance in the day of their calamity. Who acts: Thou, gates. Obadiah 1:13 in JPS 1917 with its 
---

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# Obadiah 1:13 · JPS 1917

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Thou shouldest not have entered into the gate of My people in the day of their calamity; yea, thou shouldest not have gazed on their affliction in the day of their calamity, nor have laid hands on their substance in the day of their calamity.

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**Who acts:** Thou, gates · **What happens:** not enter, not gaze, lay, afflict · **To what, where:** gate, hands, substance

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This is Obadiah 1:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, gates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:OBA:15
# text = Thou shouldest not have entered into the gate of My people in the day of their calamity; yea, thou shouldest not have gazed on their affliction in the day of their calamity, nor have laid hands on their substance in the day of their calamity.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
2	shouldest	should	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux	_	_
5	entered	enter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	calamity	calamity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
19	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	25	discourse	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
22	shouldest	should	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
24	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux	_	_
25	gazed	gaze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	affliction	affliction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	calamity	calamity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	38	cc	_	_
37	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	aux	_	_
38	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	conj	_	_
39	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obj	_	_
40	on	on	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	calamity	calamity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	_
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **enter** | should · perfect | Thou |  |  | the gate of My people | day |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into gate=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **not** **gaze** | should · perfect | thou |  |  |  | day | on gates's affliction | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on affliction=Theme |
| 3 | **lay** | infinitive · perfect | thou *not said here* | hands |  | gates's substance | day |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on substance=Destination |
| 4 | **afflict** |  | gates *= gate* |  |  |  |  |  | nom affliction «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אַל־תָּב֤וֹא בְשַֽׁעַר־עַמִּי֙ בְּי֣וֹם אֵידָ֔ם אַל־תֵּ֧רֶא גַם־אַתָּ֛ה בְּרָעָת֖וֹ בְּי֣וֹם אֵיד֑וֹ וְאַל־תִּשְׁלַ֥חְנָה בְחֵיל֖וֹ בְּי֥וֹם אֵידֽוֹ׃

[Obadiah 1:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/OBA.1.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:OBA:15` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Obadiah 1:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/OBA.14/)
- next →: [Obadiah 1:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/OBA.16/)
- ↑ back to [Obadiah 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/OBA.1.13/)