---
title: Zechariah 1:1 (JPS 1917) — IN THE eighth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of… · tree and pragmatics
description: IN THE eighth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the LORD unto Zechariah the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo, the prophet, saying: Who acts: word, Zechariah. Zechariah 1:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zechariah 1:1 · JPS 1917

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IN THE eighth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the LORD unto Zechariah the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo, the prophet, saying:

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**Who acts:** word, Zechariah · **What happens:** come, say, word · **To what, where:** LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Zechariah 1:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word, Zechariah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEC:0
# text = IN THE eighth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the LORD unto Zechariah the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo, the prophet, saying:
1	IN	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	THE	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	eighth	eighth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Darius	Darius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
13	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Zechariah	Zechariah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Berechiah	Berechiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Iddo	Iddo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	acl	_	_
35	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the word of the LORD |  |  |  | month; year | unto Zechariah | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Zechariah *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **word** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בַּחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ הַשְּׁמִינִ֔י בִּשְׁנַ֥ת שְׁתַּ֖יִם לְדָרְיָ֑וֶשׁ הָיָ֣ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־זְכַרְיָה֙ בֶּן־בֶּ֣רֶכְיָ֔ה בֶּן־עִדּ֥וֹ הַנָּבִ֖יא לֵאמֹֽר׃

[Zechariah 1:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:0` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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