---
title: Zechariah 7:14 (JPS 1917) — Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through nor returned; for they laid the pleasant land desolate.' Who acts: land, man, widow. Zechariah 7:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zechariah 7:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through nor returned; for they laid the pleasant land desolate.'

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**Who acts:** land, man, widow · **What happens:** be, pass through, return, lay · **To what, where:** pleasant land

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This is Zechariah 7:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, man, widow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEC:100
# text = Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through nor returned; for they laid the pleasant land desolate.'
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	desolate	desolate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
14	through	through	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	16	cc	_	_
16	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	desolate	desolate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	xcomp	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
26	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the land |  |  |  | after widow | desolate, thus *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass through** | past | no man |  |  |  |  | through *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **return** | past | no man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **lay** | past | widow | the pleasant land |  |  |  | desolate *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאֵ֣סָעֲרֵ֗ם עַ֤ל כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּם וְהָאָ֙רֶץ֙ נָשַׁ֣מָּה אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם מֵֽעֹבֵ֖ר וּמִשָּׁ֑ב וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ אֶֽרֶץ־חֶמְדָּ֖ה לְשַׁמָּֽה׃פ

[Zechariah 7:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.7.14/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [but I will scatter them with a whirlwind among all the nations whom they have not known.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.99/)
2. **Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through nor returned; for they laid the pleasant land desolate.'**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:100` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Zechariah 7:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.99/)
- next →: [Zechariah 8:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.101/)
- ↑ back to [Zechariah 7:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.7.14/)