---
title: Zechariah 8:4 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD of hosts: There shall yet old men and old women… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: There shall yet old men and old women sit in the broad places of Jerusalem, every man with his staff in his hand for very age. Who acts: LORD, old men. Zechariah 8:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zechariah 8:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus saith the LORD of hosts: There shall yet old men and old women sit in the broad places of Jerusalem, every man with his staff in his hand for very age.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, old men · **What happens:** say, sit · **To what, where:** broad places · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Zechariah 8:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, old men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEC:104
# text = Thus saith the LORD of hosts: There shall yet old men and old women sit in the broad places of Jerusalem, every man with his staff in his hand for very age.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
8	There	there	PRON	EX	_	16	expl	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
10	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	broad	broad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	25	det	_	_
25	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	staff	staff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	very	very	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sit** | shall | old men and old women |  |  | the broad places of Jerusalem; there | for age; yet |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עֹ֤ד יֵֽשְׁבוּ֙ זְקֵנִ֣ים וּזְקֵנ֔וֹת בִּרְחֹב֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְאִ֧ישׁ מִשְׁעַנְתּ֛וֹ בְּיָד֖וֹ מֵרֹ֥ב יָמִֽים׃

[Zechariah 8:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:104` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Zechariah 8:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.103/)
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