--- title: Zechariah 8:23 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, t… · tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, shall even take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying: We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.' Who acts: LORD, ten men, We, God. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, ten men, We, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ZEC:123 # text = Thus saith the LORD of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, shall even take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying: We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.' 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ 8 In in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 10 det _ _ 10 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ _ 11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 expl _ _ 12 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 17 that that SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 18 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 20 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 csubj _ _ 22 hold hold NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 out out ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 24 fixed _ _ 26 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 28 det:predet _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 even even ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 35 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 conj _ _ 36 hold hold NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 skirt skirt NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 40 of of ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nmod _ _ 42 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 45 nsubj _ _ 43 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 Jew Jew PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 acl:relcl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 47 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 35 advcl _ _ 48 : : PUNCT : _ 51 punct _ _ 49 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 50 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 51 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 47 ccomp _ _ 52 with with ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 51 obl _ _ 54 , , PUNCT , _ 58 punct _ _ 55 for for SCONJ IN _ 58 mark _ _ 56 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 58 nsubj _ _ 57 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 58 aux _ _ 58 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 51 advcl _ _ 59 that that SCONJ IN _ 63 mark _ _ 60 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 63 nsubj _ _ 61 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 63 cop _ _ 62 with with ADP IN _ 63 case _ _ 63 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 58 ccomp _ _ 64 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ 65 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **come** | shall | | favour | | | day | | tree rules | | 3 | **pass** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **take** | shall | ten men | hold | | all languages of the nations | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent hold=Theme out language=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **take** | shall | ten men *not said here* | hold of the skirt of LORD | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme | | 6 | **is a** | present | | a Jew | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | ten men *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **go** | future | We | | | | | with you | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with you=Beneficiary | | 9 | **hear** | present · perfect | we | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 10 | **is** | present | God | | | | | with you | tree rules | | 11 | **hold** | | | the skirt of LORD | | | | | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כֹּ֥האָמַר֮ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאוֹת֒ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔מָּה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲזִ֙יקוּ֙ עֲשָׂרָ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֔ים מִכֹּ֖ל לְשֹׁנ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְֽהֶחֱזִ֡יקוּ בִּכְנַף֩ אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדִ֜י לֵאמֹ֗ר נֵֽלְכָה֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים עִמָּכֶֽם׃ס [Zechariah 8:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:123` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Zechariah 8:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.122/) - next →: [Zechariah 9:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.124/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 8:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.23/)