--- title: Zechariah 1:4 (JPS 1917) — Be ye not as your fathers, unto whom the former prophets proclaimed,… · tree and pragmatics description: Be ye not as your fathers, unto whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Return ye now from your evil ways, and from your evil doings; but they did not hear, nor attend unto Me, saith the LORD. Who acts: ye, former prophets, LORD, fathers. Zechariah 1:4 in JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/1/) / [1:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.4/) / JPS 1 # Zechariah 1:4 · JPS 1917 Be ye not as your fathers, unto whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Return ye now from your evil ways, and from your evil doings; but they did not hear, nor attend unto Me, saith the LORD. **Who acts:** ye, former prophets, LORD, fathers · **What happens:** not be, proclaim, say, return, not hear, attend · **To what, where:** evil ways · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Zechariah 1:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, former prophets, LORD, fathers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ZEC:3 # text = Be ye not as your fathers, unto whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Return ye now from your evil ways, and from your evil doings; but they did not hear, nor attend unto Me, saith the LORD. 1 Be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 6 cop _ _ 2 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 6 nsubj _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 4 as as ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 fathers father NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 8 unto unto ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 13 obl _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 former former ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 prophets prophet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 13 proclaimed proclaim VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 13 advcl _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 Thus thus ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 ccomp _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ _ 23 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 24 Return return VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 ccomp _ _ 25 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 24 nsubj _ _ 26 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 24 advmod _ _ 27 from from ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 29 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 ways way NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 33 from from ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 34 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 35 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 doings doing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 conj _ _ 37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 42 punct _ _ 38 but but CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 39 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 40 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 41 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 42 advmod _ _ 42 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 ccomp _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 45 cc _ _ 45 attend attend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 conj _ _ 46 unto unto ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 Me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 45 obl _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 49 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 parataxis _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=imp, polarity=none, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is** | infinitive | ye | | | | | as your fathers | tree rules | | 2 | **proclaim** | past | the former prophets | | | | | unto your fathers | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the former prophets *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **return** | infinitive | ye | | | your evil ways and your evil doings | now | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from way=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **not** **hear** | past · do-support | fathers *= father* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 7 | **attend** | infinitive | fathers *= father* *not said here* | | | | | unto Me | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} אַל־תִּהְי֣וּ כַאֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֡ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר קָרְאֽוּ־אֲלֵיהֶם֩ הַנְּבִיאִ֨ים הָרִֽאשֹׁנִ֜ים לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת שׁ֤וּבוּ נָא֙ מִדַּרְכֵיכֶ֣ם הָרָעִ֔ים וּמַֽעֲלְלֵיכֶ֖םהָֽרָעִ֑ים וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֛וּ וְלֹֽא־הִקְשִׁ֥יבוּ אֵלַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ [Zechariah 1:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:3` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Zechariah 1:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.2/) - next →: [Zechariah 1:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.4/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 1:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.4/)