---
title: Zechariah 3:1 (JPS 1917) — And he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him. Who acts: he, high priest, Satan. Zechariah 3:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.34/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/3/) / [3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.3.1/) / JPS 1

# Zechariah 3:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** he, high priest, Satan · **What happens:** show, stand, accuse · **To what, where:** Joshua, me, right hand, Satan

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Zechariah 3:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (he, high priest, Satan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEC:34
# text = And he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	before	before	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	angel	angel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	Satan	Satan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
19	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	accuse	accuse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | he | Joshua and Satan | me |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient joshua=Topic |
| 2 | **stand** | gerund | the high priest *not said here* |  |  |  | before the angel of the LORD |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before angel=Location |
| 3 | **stand** | gerund | Satan *not said here* |  |  | Satan's right hand |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at hand=Location |
| 4 | **accuse** | to-infinitive | Satan *not said here* | Satan |  |  |  |  | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּרְאֵ֗נִי אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּד֔וֹל עֹמֵ֕ד לִפְנֵ֖י מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֑ה וְהַשָּׂטָ֛ן עֹמֵ֥ד עַל־יְמִינ֖וֹ לְשִׂטְנֽוֹ׃

[Zechariah 3:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.3.1/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:34` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Zechariah 2:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.33/)
- next →: [Zechariah 3:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.35/)
- ↑ back to [Zechariah 3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.3.1/)