---
title: Zechariah 3:4 (JPS 1917) — And he answered and spoke unto those that stood before him, saying:… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he answered and spoke unto those that stood before him, saying: 'Take the filthy garments from off him.' And unto him he said: 'Behold, I cause thine iniquity to pass from thee, and I will clothe thee with robes.' Who acts: LORD, I. Zechariah 3:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# Zechariah 3:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he answered and spoke unto those that stood before him, saying: 'Take the filthy garments from off him.' And unto him he said: 'Behold, I cause thine iniquity to pass from thee, and I will clothe thee with robes.'

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**Who acts:** LORD, I · **What happens:** answer, speak, stand, say, take, cause · **To what, where:** filthy garments, iniquity, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Zechariah 3:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEC:37
# text = And he answered and spoke unto those that stood before him, saying: 'Take the filthy garments from off him.' And unto him he said: 'Behold, I cause thine iniquity to pass from thee, and I will clothe thee with robes.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	before	before	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	filthy	filthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	off	off	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nmod	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
24	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
25	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
30	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
31	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	35	punct	_	_
32	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	35	discourse	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
34	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	cause	cause	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	ccomp	_	_
36	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	acl	_	_
40	from	from	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	obl	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
44	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	46	nsubj	_	_
45	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
46	clothe	clothe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	conj	_	_
47	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	46	obj	_	_
48	with	with	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	robes	robe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
51	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=decl, act=narrate, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto those | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stand** | past |  |  |  |  | before LORD |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **take** | infinitive |  | the filthy garments |  |  |  | from LORD | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent garment=Theme from he=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | LORD |  |  |  |  | unto LORD | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **cause** | present | I | thine iniquity |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition iniquity=Patient |
| 8 | **pass** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | thine iniquity *not said here* |  | thee |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from thou=Initial\_Location |
| 9 | **clothe** | future | I | thee |  |  |  | with robes | vn dress-41.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּ֣עַן וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֶל־הָעֹמְדִ֤יםלְפָנָיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הָסִ֛ירוּ הַבְּגָדִ֥ים הַצֹּאִ֖ים מֵעָלָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו רְאֵ֨ה הֶעֱבַ֤רְתִּי מֵעָלֶ֙יךָ֙ עֲוֺנֶ֔ךָ וְהַלְבֵּ֥שׁ אֹתְךָ֖ מַחֲלָצֽוֹת׃

[Zechariah 3:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.3.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:37` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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