---
title: Zechariah 3:8 (JPS 1917) — Hear now, O Joshua the high priest, thou and thy fellows that sit be… · tree and pragmatics
description: Hear now, O Joshua the high priest, thou and thy fellows that sit before thee; for they are men that are a sign; for, behold, I will bring forth My servant the Shoot. Who acts: you, fellows, Joshua, men. Zechariah 3:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zechariah 3:8 · JPS 1917

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Hear now, O Joshua the high priest, thou and thy fellows that sit before thee; for they are men that are a sign; for, behold, I will bring forth My servant the Shoot.

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**Who acts:** you, fellows, Joshua, men, I · **What happens:** hear, sit, be, bring · **To what, where:** thee, men, sign, servant

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Zechariah 3:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, fellows, Joshua, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEC:41
# text = Hear now, O Joshua the high priest, thou and thy fellows that sit before thee; for they are men that are a sign; for, behold, I will bring forth My servant the Shoot.
1	Hear	hear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	1	advmod	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
5	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	vocative	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	fellows	fellow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	sit	sit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	before	before	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	obl	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	parataxis	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	acl:relcl	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
28	for	for	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	34	discourse	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
33	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
35	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
36	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	Shoot	shoot	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	appos	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | now | Joshua *vocative* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **sit** | present | thy fellows |  |  | thee |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before thou=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Joshua | men |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present | men | a sign |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **bring** | future | I | My servant |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent servant=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
שְֽׁמַֽע־נָ֞א יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ ׀ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּד֗וֹל אַתָּה֙ וְרֵעֶ֙יךָ֙ הַיֹּשְׁבִ֣ים לְפָנֶ֔יךָ כִּֽי־אַנְשֵׁ֥י מוֹפֵ֖ת הֵ֑מָּה כִּֽי־הִנְנִ֥י מֵבִ֛יא אֶת־עַבְדִּ֖י צֶֽמַח׃

[Zechariah 3:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.3.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:41` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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