---
title: Zechariah 4:1 (JPS 1917) — And the angel that spoke with me returned, and waked me, as a man th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the angel that spoke with me returned, and waked me, as a man that is wakened out of his sleep. Who acts: angel. Zechariah 4:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zechariah 4:1 · JPS 1917

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And the angel that spoke with me returned, and waked me, as a man that is wakened out of his sleep.

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**Who acts:** angel · **What happens:** speak, return, wake, waken, sleep · **To what, where:** me, man, sleep · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Zechariah 4:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (angel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEC:44
# text = And the angel that spoke with me returned, and waked me, as a man that is wakened out of his sleep.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	angel	angel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	waked	wake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	wakened	waken	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the angel |  |  |  |  | with me | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with i=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **return** | past | the angel |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **wake** | past | the angel *not said here* | me |  |  |  | a man *obl* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 4 | **waken** | present · passive |  | a man |  | angel's sleep |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **sleep** |  | angel |  |  |  |  |  | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּ֕שָׁב הַמַּלְאָ֖ךְ הַדֹּבֵ֣ר בִּ֑י וַיְעִירֵ֕נִי כְּאִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יֵע֥וֹר מִשְּׁנָתֽוֹ׃

[Zechariah 4:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.4.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:44` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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