--- title: Zechariah 1:9 (JPS 1917) — Then said I: 'O my lord, what are these?' And the angel that spoke w… · tree and pragmatics description: Then said I: 'O my lord, what are these?' And the angel that spoke with me said unto me: 'I will show thee what these are.' Who acts: I, these, angel. Zechariah 1:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/1/) / [1:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.9/) / JPS 1 # Zechariah 1:9 · JPS 1917 Then said I: 'O my lord, what are these?' And the angel that spoke with me said unto me: 'I will show thee what these are.' **Who acts:** I, these, angel · **What happens:** say, be, speak, show · **To what, where:** thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Zechariah 1:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, these, angel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ZEC:8 # text = Then said I: 'O my lord, what are these?' And the angel that spoke with me said unto me: 'I will show thee what these are.' 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 6 O o INTJ UH _ 8 discourse _ _ 7 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 vocative _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 2 ccomp _ _ 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 12 these this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 10 nsubj _ _ 13 ? ? PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ 14 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 15 And and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 angel angel NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 spoke speak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 20 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ _ 22 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 23 unto unto ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ _ 25 : : PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 26 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 ccomp _ _ 30 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 iobj _ _ 31 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 29 ccomp _ _ 32 these this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 31 nsubj _ _ 33 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 22 punct _ _ 35 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 22 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I | | | | then | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | present | these | | | | | my lord *vocative* | tree rules | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the angel | | | | | with me | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with i=Co-Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the angel | | | | | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **show** | future | I | | thee | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient | | 6 | **is a** | present | these | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וָאֹמַ֖ר מָה־אֵ֣לֶּה אֲדֹנִ֑י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י הַמַּלְאָךְ֙ הַדֹּבֵ֣ר בִּ֔י אֲנִ֥י אַרְאֶ֖ךָּ מָה־הֵ֥מָּה אֵֽלֶּה׃ [Zechariah 1:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.9/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:8` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Zechariah 1:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.7/) - next →: [Zechariah 1:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.9/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 1:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.9/)