--- title: Zechariah 7:12 (JPS 1917) — Yea, they made their hearts as an adamant stone, lest they should he… · tree and pragmatics description: Yea, they made their hearts as an adamant stone, lest they should hear the law, and the words which the LORD of hosts had sent by His spirit by the hand of the former prophets; therefore came there great wrath from the LORD of hosts. Who acts: widow, LORD, great wrath. Zechariah 7:12 in JPS 1917 wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.97/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/7/) / [7:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.7.12/) / JPS 1 # Zechariah 7:12 · JPS 1917 Yea, they made their hearts as an adamant stone, lest they should hear the law, and the words which the LORD of hosts had sent by His spirit by the hand of the former prophets; therefore came there great wrath from the LORD of hosts. **Who acts:** widow, LORD, great wrath · **What happens:** make, hear, send, come · **To what, where:** hearts, law, words This is Zechariah 7:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (widow, LORD, great wrath), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ZEC:97 # text = Yea, they made their hearts as an adamant stone, lest they should hear the law, and the words which the LORD of hosts had sent by His spirit by the hand of the former prophets; therefore came there great wrath from the LORD of hosts. 1 Yea yea INTJ UH _ 4 discourse _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 hearts heart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 as as ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 adamant adamant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 lest lest SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 14 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 22 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 obj _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 27 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 sent send VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 acl:relcl _ _ 29 by by ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 spirit spirit NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 32 by by ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 37 former former ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 prophets prophet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 39 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 40 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 42 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 41 expl _ _ 43 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 wrath wrath NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ _ 45 from from ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nmod _ _ 48 of of ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nmod _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | widow | widow's hearts | | | | as a adamant stone | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heart=Product | | 2 | **hear** | should | widow | the law and the words | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer law=Stimulus | | 3 | **send** | past · perfect | the LORD of hosts | the words | | | | by LORD's spirit; by the hand of the former prophets | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme | | 4 | **come** | past | great wrath from the LORD of hosts | | | there | | therefore *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְלִבָּ֞ם שָׂ֣מוּ שָׁמִ֗יר מִ֠שְּׁמוֹעַ אֶת־הַתּוֹרָ֤ה וְאֶת־הַדְּבָרִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר שָׁלַ֜ח יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ בְּרוּח֔וֹ בְּיַ֖ד הַנְּבִיאִ֣ים הָרִֽאשֹׁנִ֑ים וַֽיְהִי֙ קֶ֣צֶף גָּד֔וֹל מֵאֵ֖ת יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ [Zechariah 7:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.7.12/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEC:97` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Zechariah 7:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.96/) - next →: [Zechariah 7:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.98/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 7:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.7.12/)