---
title: Zephaniah 1:2 (JPS 1917) — I will utterly consume all things from off the face of the earth, sa… · tree and pragmatics
description: I will utterly consume all things from off the face of the earth, saith the LORD. Who acts: I, LORD. Zephaniah 1:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zephaniah 1:2 · JPS 1917

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I will utterly consume all things from off the face of the earth, saith the LORD.

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**Who acts:** I, LORD · **What happens:** consume, say · **To what, where:** things, face · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Zephaniah 1:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEP:1
# text = I will utterly consume all things from off the face of the earth, saith the LORD.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	consume	consume	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consume** | future | I | all things |  | the face of the earth |  | utterly *property* | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Asset |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אָסֹ֨ף אָסֵ֜ף כֹּ֗ל מֵעַ֛ל פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃

[Zephaniah 1:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEP:1` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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