---
title: Zephaniah 1:14 (JPS 1917) — The great day of the LORD is near, it is near and hasteth greatly, e… · tree and pragmatics
description: The great day of the LORD is near, it is near and hasteth greatly, even the voice of the day of the LORD, wherein the mighty man crieth bitterly. Who acts: great day, wealth, mighty man. Zephaniah 1:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zephaniah 1:14 · JPS 1917

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The great day of the LORD is near, it is near and hasteth greatly, even the voice of the day of the LORD, wherein the mighty man crieth bitterly.

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**Who acts:** great day, wealth, mighty man · **What happens:** be, haste, cry · **To what, where:** voice

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This is Zephaniah 1:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great day, wealth, mighty man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEP:13
# text = The great day of the LORD is near, it is near and hasteth greatly, even the voice of the day of the LORD, wherein the mighty man crieth bitterly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	near	near	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	near	near	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	hasteth	haste	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
15	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	even	even	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	31	advmod	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	crieth	cry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
32	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the great day of the LORD |  |  |  |  | near *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | wealth |  |  |  |  | near *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **haste** | present | wealth *not said here* | the voice of the day of the LORD |  |  |  | greatly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **cry** *speech: express* | present | the mighty man |  |  |  |  | bitterly, wherein *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
קָר֤וֹב יוֹם־יְהוָה֙ הַגָּד֔וֹל קָר֖וֹב וּמַהֵ֣ר מְאֹ֑ד ק֚וֹל י֣וֹם יְהוָ֔ה מַ֥ר צֹרֵ֖חַ שָׁ֥ם גִּבּֽוֹר׃

[Zephaniah 1:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEP:13` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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