---
title: Zephaniah 2:13 (JPS 1917) — And He will stretch out His hand against the north, and destroy Assy… · tree and pragmatics
description: And He will stretch out His hand against the north, and destroy Assyria; and will make Nineveh a desolation, and dry like the wilderness. Who acts: LORD. Zephaniah 2:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zephaniah 2:13 · JPS 1917

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And He will stretch out His hand against the north, and destroy Assyria; and will make Nineveh a desolation, and dry like the wilderness.

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**Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** stretch out, destroy, make, dry · **To what, where:** hand, Assyria, desolation, Nineveh

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This is Zephaniah 2:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEP:31
# text = And He will stretch out His hand against the north, and destroy Assyria; and will make Nineveh a desolation, and dry like the wilderness.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	stretch	stretch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
14	Assyria	Assyria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
19	Nineveh	Nineveh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	dry	dry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
25	like	like	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch out** | future | LORD | LORD's hand |  |  |  | against the north | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **destroy** | infinitive | LORD *not said here* | Assyria |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent assyria=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | future | LORD *not said here* | a desolation | Nineveh |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset nineveh=Beneficiary desolation=Product |
| 4 | **dry** | infinitive | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like the wilderness | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְיֵ֤ט יָדוֹ֙ עַל־צָפ֔וֹן וִֽיאַבֵּ֖ד אֶת־אַשּׁ֑וּר וְיָשֵׂ֤ם אֶת־נִֽינְוֵה֙ לִשְׁמָמָ֔ה צִיָּ֖ה כַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

[Zephaniah 2:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.2.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEP:31` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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