---
title: Zephaniah 1:5 (JPS 1917) — And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship, that swear to the LORD and swear by Malcam; Who acts: that. Zephaniah 1:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zephaniah 1:5 · JPS 1917

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And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship, that swear to the LORD and swear by Malcam;

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**Who acts:** that · **What happens:** worship, swear · **To what, where:** host

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This is Zephaniah 1:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEP:4
# text = And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship, that swear to the LORD and swear by Malcam;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	worship	worship	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	housetops	housetop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	conj	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	worship	worship	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	swear	swear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	swear	swear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Malcam	Malcam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **worship** | present |  | the host of heaven |  |  |  | upon the housetops | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer host=Stimulus |
| 2 | **worship** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **swear** | present | that |  |  |  |  | to the LORD | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **swear** | present | that *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by Malcam | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥ים עַל־הַגַּגּ֖וֹת לִצְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְאֶת־הַמִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוִים֙ הַנִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים לַֽיהוָ֔ה וְהַנִּשְׁבָּעִ֖ים בְּמַלְכָּֽם׃

[Zephaniah 1:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEP:4` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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