---
title: Zephaniah 3:18 (JPS 1917) — I will gather them that are far from the appointed season, who are o… · tree and pragmatics
description: I will gather them that are far from the appointed season, who are of thee, that hast borne the burden of reproach. Who acts: I, appointed season. Zephaniah 3:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Zephaniah 3:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I will gather them that are far from the appointed season, who are of thee, that hast borne the burden of reproach.

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**Who acts:** I, appointed season · **What happens:** gather, be, appoint, borne, burden · **To what, where:** judgments, burden, reproach

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This is Zephaniah 3:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, appointed season), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ZEP:52
# text = I will gather them that are far from the appointed season, who are of thee, that hast borne the burden of reproach.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	gather	gather	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	acl:relcl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
19	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	borne	borne	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	acl:relcl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	burden	burden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	reproach	reproach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | future | I | judgments *= judgment* |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | season | far *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **appoint** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | the appointed season |  |  |  |  | of thee | tree rules |
| 5 | **borne** | present · perfect |  | the burden of reproach |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **burden** |  |  | reproach |  |  |  |  | nom burden «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
נוּגֵ֧י מִמּוֹעֵ֛ד אָסַ֖פְתִּי מִמֵּ֣ךְ הָי֑וּ מַשְׂאֵ֥ת עָלֶ֖יהָ חֶרְפָּֽה׃

[Zephaniah 3:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.3.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ZEP:52` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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