--- title: It is given that betting undertakings determine the odds offered to… — Smoking, vaping and betting: habits th… · tree and pragmatics description: It is given that betting undertakings determine the odds offered to their customers. Ascertain who, in aggregate, derives financial benefit therefrom. Exam question 2 of lesson 28 «Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, with the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/e2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Adult life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/) / [Smoking, vaping and betting: habits th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/) / e2 # Exam question 2 · Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop It is given that betting undertakings determine the odds offered to their customers. Ascertain who, in aggregate, derives financial benefit therefrom. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** that, odds, you · **What happens:** give, determine, offer, ascertain, derive · **To what, where:** It, customers, aggregate, financial benefit This is exam question 2 of lesson 28 «Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/#e2). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* It is given that betting undertakings determine the odds offered to their customers. ```conllu # sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e2:1 # text = It is given that betting undertakings determine the odds offered to their customers. 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 7 nsubj _ _ 5 betting betting NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 undertakings undertaking NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 7 determine determine VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 odds odd NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 offered offer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 ccomp _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 customers customer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present · passive | | It | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **determine** | present | that | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **offer** | past | the odds | | | | | to odds's customers *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to customer=Goal | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Ascertain who, in aggregate, derives financial benefit therefrom. ```conllu # sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e2:2 # text = Ascertain who, in aggregate, derives financial benefit therefrom. 1 Ascertain ascertain VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 1 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 aggregate aggregate NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 derives derive VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 parataxis _ _ 8 financial financial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 benefit benefit NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 therefrom therefrom ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | aggregate | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent who=Topic | | 2 | **derive** | present | | financial benefit | | | | therefrom *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location benefit=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} The betting undertakings ```conllu # sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e2:o1:1 # text = The betting undertakings 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 betting betting NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 undertakings undertaking NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 2 {#o2} The government exclusively ```conllu # sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e2:o2:1 # text = The government exclusively 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 government government NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 exclusively exclusively ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 3 {#o3} The majority of persons placing bets ```conllu # sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e2:o3:1 # text = The majority of persons placing bets 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 majority majority NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 persons person NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 5 placing place VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl _ _ 6 bets bet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **place** | gerund | persons *not said here* | bets | | | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent bet=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} The sporting teams concerned ```conllu # sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e2:o4:1 # text = The sporting teams concerned 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 sporting sport VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 amod _ _ 3 teams team NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 concerned concerned ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sport** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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