---
title: Determine which of the following statements is consistent with the e… — Smoking, vaping and betting: habits th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Determine which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the likelihood of winning a national lottery jackpot. Exam question 4 of lesson 28 «Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, with the d
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/e4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Adult life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/) / [Smoking, vaping and betting: habits th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/) / e4

# Exam question 4 · Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the likelihood of winning a national lottery jackpot.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, established facts, likelihood · **What happens:** determine, follow, be, establish, concern, win · **To what, where:** likelihood, national lottery jackpot

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 28 «Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e4:1
# text = Determine which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the likelihood of winning a national lottery jackpot.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	ccomp	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	winning	win	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	lottery	lottery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	jackpot	jackpot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the following statements; with the established facts; consistent *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 5 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the likelihood |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus likelihood=Experiencer |
| 6 | **win** | gerund | the likelihood *not said here* | a national lottery jackpot |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jackpot=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The probability is approximately one in forty-five million

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e4:o1:1
# text = The probability is approximately one in forty-five million
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	probability	probability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	compound	_	_
10	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the probability | one |  | forty |  | approximately *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The probability exceeds one in two for regular players

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e4:o2:1
# text = The probability exceeds one in two for regular players
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	probability	probability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	exceeds	exceed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	regular	regular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exceed** | present | the probability | one |  |  |  | for regular players; in two | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot one=Theme in two=Attribute |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The probability increases after each loss

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e4:o3:1
# text = The probability increases after each loss
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	probability	probability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	increases	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present | the probability |  |  |  | after each loss |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The probability is certain for persons choosing birthdays

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:28-smoking-vaping-and-betting:e4:o4:1
# text = The probability is certain for persons choosing birthdays
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	probability	probability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	birthdays	birthday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the probability |  |  |  |  | for persons; certain *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **choose** | gerund | persons *not said here* | birthdays |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birthday=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Smoking, vaping and betting: habits th…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/e3/)
- next →: [Screens, diets, sofas and late nights, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/29-screens-diets-sofas-and-late-nights/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/28-smoking-vaping-and-betting/)