---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — When grown-ups are tired or worried · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the expression «I have had a long day»? Exam question 1 of lesson 34 «When grown-ups are tired or worried» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

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# Exam question 1 · When grown-ups are tired or worried

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the expression «I have had a long day»?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** I · **What happens:** follow, characteris, have · **To what, where:** expression · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 34 «When grown-ups are tired or worried» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/adult-life/34-when-grown-ups-are-tired-or-worried/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:34-when-grown-ups-are-tired-or-worried:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the expression «I have had a long day»?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	expression	expression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the expression |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** *in a quote* | present · perfect | I |  |  |  | day |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speaker intends to reprimand the listener

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:34-when-grown-ups-are-tired-or-worried:e1:o1:1
# text = The speaker intends to reprimand the listener
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speaker	speaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	intends	intend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	reprimand	reprimand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	listener	listener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **intend** | present | the speaker |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **reprimand** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the speaker *not said here* | the listener |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speaker wishes to commence further work

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:34-when-grown-ups-are-tired-or-worried:e1:o2:1
# text = The speaker wishes to commence further work
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speaker	speaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wishes	wish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	commence	commence	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	further	further	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | present | the speaker |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **commence** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the speaker *not said here* | further work |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speaker's energy and patience have been substantially depleted

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:34-when-grown-ups-are-tired-or-worried:e1:o3:1
# text = The speaker's energy and patience have been substantially depleted
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speaker	speaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	patience	patience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	depleted	deplete	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deplete** | present · perfect · passive |  | the speaker's energy and patience |  |  |  | substantially *property* | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Source |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speaker's working day has exceeded twenty-four hours in length

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:34-when-grown-ups-are-tired-or-worried:e1:o4:1
# text = The speaker's working day has exceeded twenty-four hours in length
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speaker	speaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	exceeded	exceed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **exceed** | present · perfect · passive |  | the speaker's working day |  |  | hour | in length | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme in length=Attribute |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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