---
title: Given that an employee is awarded a bonus, ascertain the most pruden… — Where money comes from · tree and pragmatics
description: Given that an employee is awarded a bonus, ascertain the most prudent manner of its application. Exam question 4 of lesson 5 «Where money comes from» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

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# Exam question 4 · Where money comes from

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Given that an employee is awarded a bonus, ascertain the most prudent manner of its application.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, employee · **What happens:** give, award, ascertain, apply · **To what, where:** employee, prudent manner

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 5 «Where money comes from» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/adult-life/5-where-money-comes-from/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:5-where-money-comes-from:e4:1
# text = Given that an employee is awarded a bonus, ascertain the most prudent manner of its application.
1	Given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	employee	employee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	awarded	award	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bonus	bonus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	13	advmod	_	_
13	prudent	prudent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	application	application	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **award** | present · passive |  | a employee |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal bonus=Theme |
| 3 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the prudent manner of employee's application |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manner=Topic |
| 4 | **apply** |  | employee |  |  |  |  |  | nom application «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon regular monthly bills, the bonus being payable in perpetuity in every future year

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:5-where-money-comes-from:e4:o1:1
# text = Upon regular monthly bills, the bonus being payable in perpetuity in every future year
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	regular	regular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	monthly	monthly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bills	bill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bonus	bonus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
9	payable	payable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	perpetuity	perpetuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
14	future	future	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | the bonus |  |  | perpetuity | year | upon regular monthly bills; payable *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon non-recurring expenditure, the bonus not being guaranteed in future years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:5-where-money-comes-from:e4:o2:1
# text = Upon non-recurring expenditure, the bonus not being guaranteed in future years
1	Upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	non-recurring	non-recurr	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
3	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bonus	bonus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	future	future	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **non-recurr** | gerund |  | expenditure |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **guarantee** | gerund · passive |  | the bonus |  |  | year |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon the repayment of the bonus to the employer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:5-where-money-comes-from:e4:o3:1
# text = Upon the repayment of the bonus to the employer
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	repayment	repayment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bonus	bonus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	employer	employer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repay** |  |  | the bonus to the employer |  |  |  |  | nom repayment «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon the concealment of the bonus from the tax authorities

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:5-where-money-comes-from:e4:o4:1
# text = Upon the concealment of the bonus from the tax authorities
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	concealment	concealment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bonus	bonus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	authorities	authority	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conceal** |  |  | the bonus from the tax authorities |  |  |  |  | nom concealment «state transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Where money comes from, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/5-where-money-comes-from/e3/)
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