---
title: Identify the principal reason for which disasters and acts of violen… — Scary news: wars, disasters and how to… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which disasters and acts of violence feature prominently in news broadcasts. Exam question 1 of lesson 51 «Scary news: wars, disasters and how to talk about them» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the quest
---

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# Exam question 1 · Scary news: wars, disasters and how to talk about them

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which disasters and acts of violence feature prominently in news broadcasts.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, violence feature · **What happens:** identify, act · **To what, where:** principal reason, news broadcasts

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 51 «Scary news: wars, disasters and how to talk about them» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/adult-life/51-scary-news-wars-disasters-and-how-to-talk-about-them/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:51-scary-news-wars-disasters-and-how-to-talk-about-them:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which disasters and acts of violence feature prominently in news broadcasts.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	7	det	_	_
7	disasters	disaster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	acts	act	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	feature	feature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	prominently	prominently	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	broadcasts	broadcast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  | news broadcasts |  | for which disasters and acts of violence feature; prominently *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **act** |  | violence feature |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are unusual and recent, and therefore newsworthy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:51-scary-news-wars-disasters-and-how-to-talk-about-them:e1:o1:1
# text = They are unusual and recent, and therefore newsworthy
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	unusual	unusual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	newsworthy	newsworthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | unusual *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  | therefore *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They occur in every locality on a daily basis without exception

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:51-scary-news-wars-disasters-and-how-to-talk-about-them:e1:o2:1
# text = They occur in every locality on a daily basis without exception
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	occur	occur	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	locality	locality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	daily	daily	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	without	without	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	exception	exception	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | present | They |  |  | every locality |  | on a daily basis; without exception | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in locality=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Broadcasters are obliged to show only misfortune

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:51-scary-news-wars-disasters-and-how-to-talk-about-them:e1:o3:1
# text = Broadcasters are obliged to show only misfortune
1	Broadcasters	broadcaster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | present · passive |  | Broadcasters |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **show** | to-infinitive |  | misfortune |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent misfortune=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are invented in order to attract viewers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:51-scary-news-wars-disasters-and-how-to-talk-about-them:e1:o4:1
# text = They are invented in order to attract viewers
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	attract	attract	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	viewers	viewer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | present · passive |  | They |  | order |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **attract** | to-infinitive |  | viewers |  |  |  |  | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent viewer=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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