---
title: A man on telly says "Borrowed £200 till payday, ended up owing loads… — Borrowing and debt · tree and pragmatics
description: A man on telly says "Borrowed £200 till payday, ended up owing loads more, kept borrowing to pay it back." What happened? Test 6 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 6 · ★★ · Borrowing and debt

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A man on telly says "Borrowed £200 till payday, ended up owing loads more, kept borrowing to pay it back." What happened?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** say, borrow, end up, owe, keep, pay back · **To what, where:** loads, payday · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A man on telly says "Borrowed £200 till payday, ended up owing loads more, kept borrowing to pay it back."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:8-borrowing-and-debt:t6:1
# text = A man on telly says "Borrowed £200 till payday, ended up owing loads more, kept borrowing to pay it back."
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	telly	telly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	_
8	£	£	SYM	$	_	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
10	till	till	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	payday	payday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	ended	end	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
16	loads	load	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
20	borrowing	borrow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	xcomp	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	back	back	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a man on telly |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **borrow** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  | till payday |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent £=Theme |
| 3 | **end up** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **owe** *in a quote* | gerund |  | loads |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent load=Theme |
| 5 | **keep** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **borrow** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **pay back** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | payday |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What happened?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:8-borrowing-and-debt:t6:2
# text = What happened?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His savings grew by compound interest

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:8-borrowing-and-debt:t6:o1:1
# text = His savings grew by compound interest
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	savings	savings	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	compound	compound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | His savings |  |  |  |  | by compound interest | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by interest=Location |
| 2 | **save** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom savings «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He won money in a prize draw on the telly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:8-borrowing-and-debt:t6:o2:1
# text = He won money in a prize draw on the telly
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	prize	prize	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	draw	draw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	telly	telly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | He | money |  | a prize draw |  | on the telly | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He got a free loan from a charity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:8-borrowing-and-debt:t6:o3:1
# text = He got a free loan from a charity
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	loan	loan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | He | a free loan |  | a charity |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent loan=Theme from charity=Source |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was trapped by an expensive payday loan

```conllu
# sent_id = question:adult-life:8-borrowing-and-debt:t6:o4:1
# text = He was trapped by an expensive payday loan
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	trapped	trap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	expensive	expensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	payday	payday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	loan	loan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trap** | past · passive | a expensive payday loan | He |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Borrowing and debt, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/t5/)
- next →: [Borrowing and debt, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/t7/)
- ↑ back to [Borrowing and debt](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/)