---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises cont… — What is AI? Pattern-guessers, not people · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises contemporary artificial intelligence? Exam question 1 of lesson 1 «What is AI? Pattern-guessers, not people» of the AI course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Exam question 1 · What is AI? Pattern-guessers, not people

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises contemporary artificial intelligence?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** contemporary artificial intelligence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1 «What is AI? Pattern-guessers, not people» of the AI course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/ai/1-what-is-ai/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:1-what-is-ai:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises contemporary artificial intelligence?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	artificial	artificial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | contemporary artificial intelligence |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Recordings of answers composed in advance by human operators

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:1-what-is-ai:e1:o1:1
# text = Recordings of answers composed in advance by human operators
1	Recordings	recording	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	advance	advance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	operators	operator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compose** | participle · passive | human operators | Recordings of answers |  | advance |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Living organisms of electronic construction possessing their own secret intentions

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:1-what-is-ai:e1:o2:1
# text = Living organisms of electronic construction possessing their own secret intentions
1	Living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	organisms	organism	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	electronic	electronic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	construction	construction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	possessing	possess	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	intentions	intention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | gerund | Living organisms of electronic construction *not said here* | organisms's own secret intentions |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot intention=Theme |
| 2 | **intend** |  | organisms *= organism* |  |  |  |  |  | nom intention «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mechanical devices that comprehend the world as animals do

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:1-what-is-ai:e1:o3:1
# text = Mechanical devices that comprehend the world as animals do
1	Mechanical	mechanical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	devices	device	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	comprehend	comprehend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprehend** | present | Mechanical devices | the world |  |  |  | as animals | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer world=Stimulus as animal=Attribute |
| 2 | **do** | present | Mechanical devices |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Computer programs that derive patterns from very large quantities of examples

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:1-what-is-ai:e1:o4:1
# text = Computer programs that derive patterns from very large quantities of examples
1	Computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	programs	program	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	derive	derive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	patterns	pattern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	quantities	quantity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	examples	example	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | Computer programs | patterns |  | large quantities of examples |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent pattern=Result from quantity=Material |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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