---
title: Zip always tells the truth; Zap always lies. You hear one voice say,… — Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky mes… · tree and pragmatics
description: Zip always tells the truth; Zap always lies. You hear one voice say, "I am the liar." Who said it? Test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★» of the AI course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 2 · ★★★ · Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zip always tells the truth; Zap always lies. You hear one voice say, "I am the liar." Who said it?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Zip, Zap, You, one voice · **What happens:** tell, lie, hear, say, be · **To what, where:** truth, liar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★» of the AI course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Zip always tells the truth; Zap always lies.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages:t2:1
# text = Zip always tells the truth; Zap always lies.
1	Zip	zip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	Zap	zap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
9	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Zip | the truth |  |  |  | always *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient |
| 2 | **lie** | present | Zap |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You hear one voice say, "I am the liar."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages:t2:2
# text = You hear one voice say, "I am the liar."
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	liar	liar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | one voice |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | one voice *= voice* | the liar |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Who said it?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages:t2:3
# text = Who said it?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | truth |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both of them, one after the other

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages:t2:o1:1
# text = Both of them, one after the other
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zap, because a liar would admit being one

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages:t2:o2:1
# text = Zap, because a liar would admit being one
1	Zap	zap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	liar	liar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	admit	admit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	amod	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	appos	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **admit** *speech: other* | would | a liar |  |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | gerund |  | admit one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither of them could have said it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages:t2:o3:1
# text = Neither of them could have said it
1	Neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | could · perfect | Neither | it |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zip, because Zip always tells the truth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages:t2:o4:1
# text = Zip, because Zip always tells the truth
1	Zip	zip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	Zip	zip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Zip | the truth |  |  |  | always *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky mes…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/t1/)
- next →: [Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky mes…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/)