---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Hallucinations: confident made-up answ… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the disposition designated "sycophantic" in a chatbot? Exam question 1 of lesson 5 «Hallucinations: confident made-up answers» of the AI course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of eac
---

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# Exam question 1 · Hallucinations: confident made-up answers

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the disposition designated "sycophantic" in a chatbot?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, designate · **To what, where:** disposition, chatbot

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 5 «Hallucinations: confident made-up answers» of the AI course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/ai/5-hallucinations-confident-made-up-answers/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:5-hallucinations-confident-made-up-answers:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the disposition designated "sycophantic" in a chatbot?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	disposition	disposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	designated	designate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	sycophantic	sycophantic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the disposition |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **designate** | participle |  | the disposition *not said here* |  | a chatbot |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A preference for answering exclusively in verse

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:5-hallucinations-confident-made-up-answers:e1:o1:1
# text = A preference for answering exclusively in verse
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preference	preference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	answering	answer	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	verse	verse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | gerund | a preference *not said here* |  |  | verse |  | exclusively *property* | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An excessive inclination to agree with and to flatter the user

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:5-hallucinations-confident-made-up-answers:e1:o2:1
# text = An excessive inclination to agree with and to flatter the user
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	excessive	excessive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	inclination	inclination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	agree	agree	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	flatter	flatter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	user	user	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **agree** *speech: agree* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **flatter** | to-infinitive |  | the user |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus user=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A propensity to refuse every request presented to it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:5-hallucinations-confident-made-up-answers:e1:o3:1
# text = A propensity to refuse every request presented to it
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	propensity	propensity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	refuse	refuse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	presented	present	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | to-infinitive |  | every request |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent request=Theme |
| 2 | **present** | participle |  | every request *not said here* | request |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to it=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An inability to produce any answer containing praise

```conllu
# sent_id = question:ai:5-hallucinations-confident-made-up-answers:e1:o4:1
# text = An inability to produce any answer containing praise
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	inability	inability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	produce	produce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | to-infinitive |  | any answer |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Result |
| 2 | **contain** | gerund | any answer *not said here* | praise |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot praise=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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