---
title: A cartoon shows a kid puffing a fresh breath for every note to make… — Music lessons and the recorder · tree and pragmatics
description: A cartoon shows a kid puffing a fresh breath for every note to make them separate. What should he really do? Test 3 of lesson 1 «Music lessons and the recorder» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was 
---

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# Test 3 · Music lessons and the recorder

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cartoon shows a kid puffing a fresh breath for every note to make them separate. What should he really do?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cartoon, kid, them · **What happens:** show, puff, make, separate, do · **To what, where:** kid, fresh breath, them

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 1 «Music lessons and the recorder» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A cartoon shows a kid puffing a fresh breath for every note to make them separate.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder:t3:1
# text = A cartoon shows a kid puffing a fresh breath for every note to make them separate.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kid	kid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	puffing	puff	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	separate	separate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a cartoon |  | a kid |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent kid=Recipient |
| 2 | **puff** | gerund | a kid *not said here* | a fresh breath |  |  |  | for every note | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location breath=Source |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | a kid *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **separate** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What should he really do?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder:t3:2
# text = What should he really do?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | should | cartoon |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hum the notes instead of blowing at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder:t3:o1:1
# text = Hum the notes instead of blowing at all
1	Hum	hum	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	6	mark	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	blowing	blow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hum** | imperative | you *not said here* | the notes |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Topic |
| 2 | **blow** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  | all |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold his breath between notes and gasp

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder:t3:o2:1
# text = Hold his breath between notes and gasp
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	gasp	gasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | his breath |  | notes and gasp |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent breath=Theme between note=Location |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep one steady breath and start each note with his tongue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder:t3:o3:1
# text = Keep one steady breath and start each note with his tongue
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	steady	steady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | one steady breath |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |
| 2 | **start** | infinitive | you *not said here* | each note |  |  |  | with his tongue | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: agent=Agent note=Eventuality with tongue=Subeventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Puff an even harder, fresh breath for each new note, like a train

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder:t3:o4:1
# text = Puff an even harder, fresh breath for each new note, like a train
1	Puff	puff	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	even	even	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	harder	hard	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
10	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **puff** | imperative | you *not said here* | a harder |  |  |  | like a train; fresh breath for each new note *obl* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hard=Source |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Music lessons and the recorder, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/1-music-lessons-and-the-recorder/t2/)
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