---
title: A cartoon shows a didgeridoo player turning blue holding his breath.… — Instruments of the world: bandura, erh… · tree and pragmatics
description: A cartoon shows a didgeridoo player turning blue holding his breath. What's wrong? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 10 «Instruments of the world: bandura, erhu, sitar, kora, didgeridoo and more» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opt
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · Instruments of the world: bandura, erhu, sitar, kora, didg…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cartoon shows a didgeridoo player turning blue holding his breath. What's wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cartoon, didgeridoo player · **What happens:** show, turn, hold, be · **To what, where:** didgeridoo player, breath

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 10 «Instruments of the world: bandura, erhu, sitar, kora, didgeridoo and more» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/10-instruments-of-the-world-bandura-erhu-sitar-kora-didgeridoo/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A cartoon shows a didgeridoo player turning blue holding his breath.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:10-instruments-of-the-world-bandura-erhu-sitar-kora-didgeridoo:t4:1
# text = A cartoon shows a didgeridoo player turning blue holding his breath.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	didgeridoo	didgeridoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a cartoon | a didgeridoo player |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent player=Recipient |
| 2 | **turn** | gerund | a didgeridoo player *not said here* |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **hold** | gerund | a didgeridoo player *not said here* | cartoon's breath |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:10-instruments-of-the-world-bandura-erhu-sitar-kora-didgeridoo:t4:2
# text = What's wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, players really hold their breath

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:10-instruments-of-the-world-bandura-erhu-sitar-kora-didgeridoo:t4:o1:1
# text = Nothing, players really hold their breath
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | Nothing players | players's breath |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Players breathe in through the nose while blowing out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:10-instruments-of-the-world-bandura-erhu-sitar-kora-didgeridoo:t4:o2:1
# text = Players breathe in through the nose while blowing out
1	Players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breathe	breathe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	blowing	blow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe in** | present | Players |  |  | the nose |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **blow out** | gerund | Players *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Didgeridoos are played by hitting them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:10-instruments-of-the-world-bandura-erhu-sitar-kora-didgeridoo:t4:o3:1
# text = Didgeridoos are played by hitting them
1	Didgeridoos	didgeridoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hitting	hit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present · passive |  | Didgeridoos |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **hit** | gerund |  | Didgeridoos *= didgeridoo* |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Players breathe through the didgeridoo backwards

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:10-instruments-of-the-world-bandura-erhu-sitar-kora-didgeridoo:t4:o4:1
# text = Players breathe through the didgeridoo backwards
1	Players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breathe	breathe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	didgeridoo	didgeridoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	backwards	backwards	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | present | Players |  |  | the didgeridoo |  | backwards *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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