---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Drawing: lines, shapes and drawing wha… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the joint commonly mistaken for a backward-bending knee in the horse? Exam question 3 of lesson 12 «Drawing: lines, shapes and drawing what you really see» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragma
---

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# Exam question 3 · Drawing: lines, shapes and drawing what you really see

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the joint commonly mistaken for a backward-bending knee in the horse?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, bend · **To what, where:** joint

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 12 «Drawing: lines, shapes and drawing what you really see» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the joint commonly mistaken for a backward-bending knee in the horse?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	joint	joint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	mistaken	mistaken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
15	backward	backward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	bending	bend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	amod	_	_
18	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the joint |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **bend** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a joint peculiar to horses kept in captivity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see:e3:o1:1
# text = It is a joint peculiar to horses kept in captivity
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	joint	joint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	peculiar	peculiar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	captivity	captivity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a joint peculiar |  |  |  | to horses | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | participle |  | horses *not said here* |  | captivity |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in captivity=Location |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the ankle, the knee being situated higher upon the limb

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see:e3:o2:1
# text = It is the ankle, the knee being situated higher upon the limb
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ankle	ankle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	higher	high	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	limb	limb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the ankle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **situate** | gerund · passive |  | the ankle |  | the limb |  | high *property* | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme upon limb=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a knee which bends contrary to that of a human

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see:e3:o3:1
# text = It is a knee which bends contrary to that of a human
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	bends	bend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	contrary	contrary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	human	human	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a knee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bend** | present | a knee |  |  | a knee |  | contrary *property* | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to that=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is an error in the drawing having no counterpart in nature

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see:e3:o4:1
# text = It is an error in the drawing having no counterpart in nature
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	drawing	drawing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	counterpart	counterpart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a error |  | the drawing |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | the drawing *not said here* | no counterpart |  | nature |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent counterpart=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Drawing: lines, shapes and drawing what you really see](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see/)