---
title: Ascertain the reason most widely advanced for the predominance of me… — Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahl… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason most widely advanced for the predominance of men among celebrated painters of former centuries. Exam question 4 of lesson 16 «Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahlo, Picasso, Hokusai, Bilokur, Prymachenko, Qi Baishi...)» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dep
---

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# Exam question 4 · Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahlo, Picasso, Hokusai,…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason most widely advanced for the predominance of men among celebrated painters of former centuries.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, men · **What happens:** ascertain, celebrate, predominate · **To what, where:** reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 16 «Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahlo, Picasso, Hokusai, Bilokur, Prymachenko, Qi Baishi...)» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/16-famous-artists-simply/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:16-famous-artists-simply:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the reason most widely advanced for the predominance of men among celebrated painters of former centuries.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	widely	widely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	advanced	advanced	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	predominance	predominance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	among	among	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	celebrated	celebrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	painters	painter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **celebrate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **predominate** |  | men among celebrated painters of former centuries |  |  |  |  |  | nom predominance «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prohibition of the sale of paint to women

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:16-famous-artists-simply:e4:o1:1
# text = The prohibition of the sale of paint to women
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prohibition	prohibition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prohibit** |  |  | the sale of paint |  |  |  | to women | nom prohibition «communication transitive»: of=patient to=obl |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frequent exclusion of women from academies of art and their subsequent neglect

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:16-famous-artists-simply:e4:o2:1
# text = The frequent exclusion of women from academies of art and their subsequent neglect
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	frequent	frequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	academies	academy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	neglect	neglect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exclude** |  |  | women from academies of art |  |  |  |  | nom exclusion «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **neglect** |  | academies *= academy* |  |  |  |  |  | nom neglect «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The incapacity of women to employ paint

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:16-famous-artists-simply:e4:o3:1
# text = The incapacity of women to employ paint
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	incapacity	incapacity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	employ	employ	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
7	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | to-infinitive |  | paint |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paint=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The absence of any woman who wished to paint in the centuries before photography

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:16-famous-artists-simply:e4:o4:1
# text = The absence of any woman who wished to paint in the centuries before photography
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	paint	paint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	before	before	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	photography	photography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | past | the absence of any woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **paint** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the absence of any woman *not said here* |  |  | photography | century |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent before photography=Destination |
| 3 | **absent** |  |  | any woman |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahl…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/16-famous-artists-simply/e3/)
- next →: [Museums and galleries: how to visit an…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/17-museums-and-galleries-how-to-visit-and-what-is-there/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahlo, Picasso, Hokusai, Bilokur, Prymachenko, Qi Baishi...)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/16-famous-artists-simply/)