---
title: Ascertain the reason for which many skeletons of dinosaurs exhibited… — Museums and galleries: how to visit an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason for which many skeletons of dinosaurs exhibited in museums are casts. Exam question 4 of lesson 17 «Museums and galleries: how to visit and what is there» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mov
---

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# Exam question 4 · Museums and galleries: how to visit and what is there

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason for which many skeletons of dinosaurs exhibited in museums are casts.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, many skeletons · **What happens:** ascertain, exhibit, be · **To what, where:** reason, dinosaurs, museums, casts

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 17 «Museums and galleries: how to visit and what is there» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/17-museums-and-galleries-how-to-visit-and-what-is-there/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:17-museums-and-galleries-how-to-visit-and-what-is-there:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the reason for which many skeletons of dinosaurs exhibited in museums are casts.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	7	det	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	exhibited	exhibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	museums	museum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	casts	cast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **exhibit** | participle |  | dinosaurs *not said here* |  | museums |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | which many skeletons of dinosaurs | casts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dinosaurs possessed no bones capable of preservation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:17-museums-and-galleries-how-to-visit-and-what-is-there:e4:o1:1
# text = Dinosaurs possessed no bones capable of preservation
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	possessed	possess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	capable	capable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | past | Dinosaurs | no bones |  |  |  | capable *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot bone=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Genuine fossil bones are heavy, fragile and rare

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:17-museums-and-galleries-how-to-visit-and-what-is-there:e4:o2:1
# text = Genuine fossil bones are heavy, fragile and rare
1	Genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	fossil	fossil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	fragile	fragile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Genuine fossil bones |  |  |  |  | heavy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Genuine fossil bones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | Genuine fossil bones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Casts are more ancient than the original fossils

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:17-museums-and-galleries-how-to-visit-and-what-is-there:e4:o3:1
# text = Casts are more ancient than the original fossils
1	Casts	cast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	original	original	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fossils	fossil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Casts |  |  |  |  | than the original fossils; ancient *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The display of genuine bones is prohibited by law

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:17-museums-and-galleries-how-to-visit-and-what-is-there:e4:o4:1
# text = The display of genuine bones is prohibited by law
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	display	display	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prohibit** | present · passive | law | the display of genuine bones |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme |
| 2 | **display** |  |  | genuine bones |  |  |  |  | nom display «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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