---
title: Identify the principal criterion distinguishing a lawful mural from… — Street art and graffiti: legal walls v… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal criterion distinguishing a lawful mural from an act of vandalism. Exam question 1 of lesson 19 «Street art and graffiti: legal walls vs vandalism» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's ch
---

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# Exam question 1 · Street art and graffiti: legal walls vs vandalism

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal criterion distinguishing a lawful mural from an act of vandalism.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, principal criterion, vandalism · **What happens:** identify, distinguish, act · **To what, where:** principal criterion, lawful mural

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 19 «Street art and graffiti: legal walls vs vandalism» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal criterion distinguishing a lawful mural from an act of vandalism.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	criterion	criterion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	lawful	lawful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	mural	mural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	vandalism	vandalism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal criterion |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent criterion=Theme |
| 2 | **distinguish** | gerund | the principal criterion *not said here* | a lawful mural |  |  |  | from a act of vandalism | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent mural=Theme from act=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **act** |  | vandalism |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The time of day at which it is painted

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism:e1:o1:1
# text = The time of day at which it is painted
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	painted	paint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | present · passive |  | it |  |  | at the time of day |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: subject=Theme at which=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The colour of the paint employed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism:e1:o2:1
# text = The colour of the paint employed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | participle |  | the colour of the paint *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The permission of the owner of the property

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism:e1:o3:1
# text = The permission of the owner of the property
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permit** |  |  | the owner of the property |  |  |  |  | nom permission «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The artistic merit of the image

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism:e1:o4:1
# text = The artistic merit of the image
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	artistic	artistic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	merit	merit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- next →: [Street art and graffiti: legal walls v…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Street art and graffiti: legal walls vs vandalism](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism/)