---
title: Olha's mum loved the Cossacks cartoons. Which shows they are a fact… — Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, com… · tree and pragmatics
description: Olha's mum loved the Cossacks cartoons. Which shows they are a fact of history? Test 11 of lesson 23 «Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, computer cartoons» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

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# Test 11 · Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, computer cartoons

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Olha's mum loved the Cossacks cartoons. Which shows they are a fact of history?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** mum, cartoons · **What happens:** love, show, be · **To what, where:** Cossacks cartoons, fact

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 23 «Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, computer cartoons» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Olha's mum loved the Cossacks cartoons.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t11:1
# text = Olha's mum loved the Cossacks cartoons.
1	Olha	Olha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	compound	_	_
7	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | past | Olha's mum | the Cossacks cartoons |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cartoon=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which shows they are a fact of history?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t11:2
# text = Which shows they are a fact of history?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | cartoons *= cartoon* | a fact |  |  |  | of history | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were made by Pixar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t11:o1:1
# text = They were made by Pixar
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Pixar	Pixar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive | Pixar | They |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were made in Kyiv, 1960s to 1990s

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t11:o2:1
# text = They were made in Kyiv, 1960s to 1990s
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	1960s	1960s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	1990s	1990s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive |  | They |  | Kyiv |  | to 1990s; 1960s *obl* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were drawn by the Disney studio in Japan in the 1930s

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t11:o3:1
# text = They were drawn by the Disney studio in Japan in the 1930s
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Disney	Disney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	1930s	1930	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past · passive | the Disney studio in Japan | They |  | the 1930s |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in 1930=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were made in America last year by a big film company

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t11:o4:1
# text = They were made in America last year by a big film company
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive | a big film company | They |  | America | year |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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