---
title: Leo's mum says his cartoon was animated abroad. Which is the best co… — Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, com… · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo's mum says his cartoon was animated abroad. Which is the best conclusion? Test 5 of lesson 23 «Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, computer cartoons» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, computer cartoons

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo's mum says his cartoon was animated abroad. Which is the best conclusion?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mum, Leo · **What happens:** say, animate, cartoon, be · **To what, where:** cartoon, best conclusion · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 23 «Animation: flipbooks, stop-motion, computer cartoons» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Leo's mum says his cartoon was animated abroad.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t5:1
# text = Leo's mum says his cartoon was animated abroad.
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	animated	animate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
9	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Leo's mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **animate** | past · passive |  | Leo's cartoon |  |  |  | abroad *property* | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **cartoon** |  | Leo |  |  |  |  |  | nom cartoon «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which is the best conclusion?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t5:2
# text = Which is the best conclusion?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the best conclusion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only cartoons made in America count as real cartoons

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t5:o1:1
# text = Only cartoons made in America count as real cartoons
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	count	count	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | cartoons *not said here* |  | America |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **count** | present | cartoons |  |  |  |  | as real cartoons | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as cartoon=Attribute |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cartoon must be a fake copy of the real American one

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t5:o2:1
# text = The cartoon must be a fake copy of the real American one
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | must | the cartoon | a fake copy |  |  |  | of the real American one | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cartoons are often made across countries

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t5:o3:1
# text = Cartoons are often made across countries
1	Cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Cartoons |  | countries |  | often *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One person makes each one

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:23-animation-flipbooks-stop-motion-computer-cartoons:t5:o4:1
# text = One person makes each one
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | One person | each one |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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