---
title: A friend says a fight "deffo landed" ("deffo" means definitely). Wha… — Special effects and stunts · tree and pragmatics
description: A friend says a fight "deffo landed" ("deffo" means definitely). What makes a missed punch look real? Test 8 of lesson 25 «Special effects and stunts» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 8 · Special effects and stunts

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A friend says a fight "deffo landed" ("deffo" means definitely). What makes a missed punch look real?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** friend, fight, deffo, missed punch · **What happens:** say, land, mean, make, miss, look · **To what, where:** missed punch · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 of lesson 25 «Special effects and stunts» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/25-special-effects-and-stunts/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A friend says a fight "deffo landed" ("deffo" means definitely).

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:25-special-effects-and-stunts:t8:1
# text = A friend says a fight "deffo landed" ("deffo" means definitely).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	deffo	deffo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	landed	land	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	deffo	deffo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
15	definitely	definitely	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a friend |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **land** *in a quote* | past | a fight |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | deffo |  |  |  |  | definitely *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What makes a missed punch look real?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:25-special-effects-and-stunts:t8:2
# text = What makes a missed punch look real?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	missed	miss	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	punch	punch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present |  | a missed punch |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **miss** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **look** | infinitive | a missed punch *not said here* |  |  |  |  | real *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slowing down the film so the fist seems to touch the face

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:25-special-effects-and-stunts:t8:o1:1
# text = Slowing down the film so the fist seems to touch the face
1	Slowing	slow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fist	fist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slow down** | gerund |  | the film |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent film=Patient |
| 2 | **seem** | present | the fist |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **touch** | to-infinitive | the fist *not said here* | the face |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme face=Co-Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A real hit that is made very soft so nobody gets hurt

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:25-special-effects-and-stunts:t8:o2:1
# text = A real hit that is made very soft so nobody gets hurt
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hit	hit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	gets	get	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | a real hit |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **hurt** | present · passive |  | nobody |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Angle, sound and reaction

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:25-special-effects-and-stunts:t8:o3:1
# text = Angle, sound and reaction
1	Angle	angle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	reaction	reaction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hiding a thick pillow inside the actor's shirt and jacket

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:25-special-effects-and-stunts:t8:o4:1
# text = Hiding a thick pillow inside the actor's shirt and jacket
1	Hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	pillow	pillow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	actor	actor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | gerund |  | a thick pillow |  | the actor's shirt and jacket |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pillow=Patient inside shirt=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Special effects and stunts, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/25-special-effects-and-stunts/t7/)
- next →: [Special effects and stunts, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/25-special-effects-and-stunts/t9/)
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