---
title: Identify the principal technique by which dancers avoid dizziness wh… — Dances of the world and dancing at par… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal technique by which dancers avoid dizziness when executing successive turns. Exam question 1 of lesson 30 «Dances of the world and dancing at parties» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Exam question 1 · Dances of the world and dancing at parties

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal technique by which dancers avoid dizziness when executing successive turns.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, dancers · **What happens:** identify, avoid, execute · **To what, where:** principal technique, dizziness, successive turns

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 30 «Dances of the world and dancing at parties» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal technique by which dancers avoid dizziness when executing successive turns.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	technique	technique	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
7	dancers	dancer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	avoid	avoid	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
9	dizziness	dizziness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
11	executing	execute	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
12	successive	successive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	turns	turn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal technique |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent technique=Theme |
| 2 | **avoid** | present | dancers | dizziness |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent dizziness=Location |
| 3 | **execute** | gerund | dancers *not said here* | successive turns |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The limitation of turning to a single rotation upon each occasion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties:e1:o1:1
# text = The limitation of turning to a single rotation upon each occasion
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	limitation	limitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	rotation	rotation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	occasion	occasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | gerund | the limitation *not said here* |  |  | a single rotation |  | upon each occasion | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme to rotation=Source upon occasion=Trajectory |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spotting: fixing the eyes on one point

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties:e1:o2:1
# text = Spotting: fixing the eyes on one point
1	Spotting	spot	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
3	fixing	fix	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | gerund |  | the eyes |  | one point |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme eye=Destination |
| 2 | **fix** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The closing of the eyes throughout the entire duration of every turn

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties:e1:o3:1
# text = The closing of the eyes throughout the entire duration of every turn
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	closing	closing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	entire	entire	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	duration	duration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** |  |  | the eyes |  |  | throughout the entire duration of every turn |  | nom closing «act transitive»: of=patient throughout=obl |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The consumption of a substantial meal prior to commencing to dance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties:e1:o4:1
# text = The consumption of a substantial meal prior to commencing to dance
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	consumption	consumption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	substantial	substantial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ	9	mark	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	commencing	commence	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	dance	dance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **commence** | gerund | the consumption of a substantial meal *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **dance** | to-infinitive | the consumption of a substantial meal *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **consume** |  |  | a substantial meal |  |  |  |  | nom consumption «act transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Dances of the world and dancing at par…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties/t11/)
- next →: [Dances of the world and dancing at par…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Dances of the world and dancing at parties](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/30-dances-of-the-world-and-dancing-at-parties/)