---
title: Which of the following most accurately characterises plagiarism? — Copying vs being inspired: tracing, co… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately characterises plagiarism? Exam question 2 of lesson 35 «Copying vs being inspired: tracing, covers, giving credit» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 2 · Copying vs being inspired: tracing, covers, giving credit

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately characterises plagiarism?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 35 «Copying vs being inspired: tracing, covers, giving credit» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/arts/35-copying-vs-being-inspired-tracing-covers-giving-credit/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:35-copying-vs-being-inspired-tracing-covers-giving-credit:e2:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately characterises plagiarism?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	case	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	plagiarism	plagiarism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  |  |  |  |  | accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The use of freely available facts in one's own words

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:35-copying-vs-being-inspired-tracing-covers-giving-credit:e2:o1:1
# text = The use of freely available facts in one's own words
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	available	available	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** |  |  | available facts in one's own words |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **word** |  | one |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The making of fan art with credit to its source

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:35-copying-vs-being-inspired-tracing-covers-giving-credit:e2:o2:1
# text = The making of fan art with credit to its source
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	making	making	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	fan	fan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	credit	credit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** |  | fan art |  |  |  |  | with credit to credit's source | nom making «act intransitive»: of=agent with=obl |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The presentation of another person's words or work as one's own

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:35-copying-vs-being-inspired-tracing-covers-giving-credit:e2:o3:1
# text = The presentation of another person's words or work as one's own
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	presentation	presentation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** |  |  | another person's words or work as one's own |  |  |  |  | nom presentation «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **word** |  | another person |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The performance of a song written by another person

```conllu
# sent_id = question:arts:35-copying-vs-being-inspired-tracing-covers-giving-credit:e2:o4:1
# text = The performance of a song written by another person
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	performance	performance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  | the performance of a song *not said here* |  |  |  | by another person | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **perform** |  |  | a song |  |  |  |  | nom performance «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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