---
title: «muddy river after the storm, did someone dump paint in it» Which is… — Rivers, lakes and ponds · tree and pragmatics
description: «muddy river after the storm, did someone dump paint in it» Which is the best answer? Test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 10 «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 11 · ★★★ · Rivers, lakes and ponds

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«muddy river after the storm, did someone dump paint in it» Which is the best answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** muddy river · **What happens:** dump, be · **To what, where:** paint, best answer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 10 «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds:t11:1
# text = «muddy river after the storm, did someone dump paint in it» Which is the best answer?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
10	dump	dump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
15	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	19	amod	_	_
19	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dump** *in a quote* | past · do-support | muddy river after the storm | paint |  | paint |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** *speech: assert* | present |  | the best answer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rain rushing off the land carries soil and makes the river faster and browner

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds:t11:o1:1
# text = Rain rushing off the land carries soil and makes the river faster and browner
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	rushing	rush	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	xcomp	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	browner	brown	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rush off** | gerund | Rain *not said here* | the land |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme land=Trajectory |
| 2 | **carry** | present | Rain | soil |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soil=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | present | Rain *not said here* | the river |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset river=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, the colour is always pollution

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds:t11:o2:1
# text = Yes, the colour is always pollution
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
7	pollution	pollution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the colour | pollution |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish turned the water brown

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds:t11:o3:1
# text = Fish turned the water brown
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | Fish | the water |  |  |  | brown *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent water=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mud rises from the riverbed by itself on rainy days, as the river bed soaks up rain

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds:t11:o4:1
# text = The mud rises from the riverbed by itself on rainy days, as the river bed soaks up rain
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	riverbed	riverbed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	rainy	rainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	soaks	soak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
18	up	up	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present | the mud |  |  | the riverbed | day | by mud | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient from riverbed=Initial\_State by itself=Extent |
| 2 | **soak up** | present | the river bed | rain |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent rain=Source |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/t10/)
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