---
title: Why are walruses hardly ever kept in zoos? — Sea lions, seals and otters · tree and pragmatics
description: Why are walruses hardly ever kept in zoos? Test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 100 «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · ★★★ · Sea lions, seals and otters

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why are walruses hardly ever kept in zoos?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** keep · **To what, where:** walruses, zoos

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 100 «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters:t10:1
# text = Why are walruses hardly ever kept in zoos?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
3	walruses	walrus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
6	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	zoos	zoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · passive |  | walruses |  | zoos | ever | hardly *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in zoo=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are too small to find in a tank

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters:t10:o1:1
# text = They are too small to find in a tank
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tank	tank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  | a tank |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They eat only penguins

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters:t10:o2:1
# text = They eat only penguins
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | They | penguins |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent penguin=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are far too shy to be seen by visitors

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters:t10:o3:1
# text = They are far too shy to be seen by visitors
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	shy	shy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	visitors	visitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | far, shy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive · passive | visitors |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are huge, need cold seas and lots of clams

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters:t10:o4:1
# text = They are huge, need cold seas and lots of clams
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	clams	clam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | huge *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **need** | present | They *not said here* | cold seas and lots of clams |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sea=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Sea lions, seals and otters, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/t9/)
- next →: [Sea lions, seals and otters, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/t11/)
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