---
title: A herd of antelopes suddenly springs straight up for no reason. What… — The African savanna area: giraffes, ze… · tree and pragmatics
description: A herd of antelopes suddenly springs straight up for no reason. What is going on? Test 9 of lesson 101 «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 9 · The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and ant…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A herd of antelopes suddenly springs straight up for no reason. What is going on?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** herd · **What happens:** spring, go on

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 of lesson 101 «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A herd of antelopes suddenly springs straight up for no reason.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos:t9:1
# text = A herd of antelopes suddenly springs straight up for no reason.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	antelopes	antelope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	springs	spring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	up	up	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spring** | present | a herd of antelopes |  |  |  |  | for no reason; suddenly *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is going on?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos:t9:2
# text = What is going on?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go on** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are dancing because they are happy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos:t9:o1:1
# text = They are dancing because they are happy
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	dancing	dance	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dance** | present · progressive | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are pronking, showing a predator they are fit

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos:t9:o2:1
# text = They are pronking, showing a predator they are fit
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	pronking	pronk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	showing	show	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	fit	fit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pronk** | present · progressive | They |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | gerund | They *not said here* | a predator |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent predator=Recipient |
| 3 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  |  | fit *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are trying to reach the high leaves on the trees

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos:t9:o3:1
# text = They are trying to reach the high leaves on the trees
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	trying	try	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | present · progressive | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **reach** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | They *not said here* | the high leaves |  | the trees |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are jumping over invisible fences

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos:t9:o4:1
# text = They are jumping over invisible fences
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	jumping	jump	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	fences	fence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | present · progressive | They |  |  | invisible fences |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over fence=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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