--- title: State which sex holds authority within a clan of spotted hyenas. — The African savanna area: hippos, meer… · tree and pragmatics description: State which sex holds authority within a clan of spotted hyenas. Exam question 4 of lesson 102 «The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wild dogs and hyenas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mov --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches/e4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The African savanna area: hippos, meer…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches/) / e4 # Exam question 4 · The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wil… State which sex holds authority within a clan of spotted hyenas. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** State · **What happens:** hold, spot · **To what, where:** authority This is exam question 4 of lesson 102 «The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wild dogs and hyenas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches/#e4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches:e4:1 # text = State which sex holds authority within a clan of spotted hyenas. 1 State state NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 3 det _ _ 3 sex sex NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 4 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 authority authority NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 within within ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 clan clan NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 spotted spot VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 amod _ _ 11 hyenas hyena NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 12 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | present | State which sex | authority | | | | within a clan of spotted hyenas | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent authority=Theme | | 2 | **spot** | participle | | | | | | | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} Neither, the clan having no order of rank ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches:e4:o1:1 # text = Neither, the clan having no order of rank 1 Neither neither ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 clan clan NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 7 det _ _ 7 order order NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 rank rank NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | gerund | the clan | no order of rank | | | | neither *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Patient | | 2 | **order** | | | rank | | | | | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient | ### Option 2 {#o2} An adopted lion of either sex ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches:e4:o2:1 # text = An adopted lion of either sex 1 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 adopted adopt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 amod _ _ 3 lion lion NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 either either DET DT PronType=Ind 6 det _ _ 6 sex sex NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **adopt** | participle | | | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} The females, which exceed the males in size ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches:e4:o3:1 # text = The females, which exceed the males in size 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 exceed exceed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **exceed** | present | the females | the males | | | | in size | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot male=Theme in size=Attribute | ### Option 4 {#o4} The males, which exceed the females in size ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches:e4:o4:1 # text = The males, which exceed the females in size 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 exceed exceed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **exceed** | present | the males | the females | | | | in size | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot female=Theme in size=Attribute | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The African savanna area: hippos, meer…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches/e3/) - next →: [The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, e…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/t1/) - ↑ back to [The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wild dogs and hyenas](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches/)