---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, e… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the locomotion of the kangaroo? Exam question 1 of lesson 103 «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Exam question 1 · The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and d…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the locomotion of the kangaroo?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** locomotion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 103 «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the locomotion of the kangaroo?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	locomotion	locomotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	kangaroo	kangaroo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the locomotion of the kangaroo |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elastic tendons store energy, so that rapid hopping costs scarcely more than slow hopping

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes:e1:o1:1
# text = Elastic tendons store energy, so that rapid hopping costs scarcely more than slow hopping
1	Elastic	elastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	tendons	tendon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	store	store	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	10	mark	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	rapid	rapid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hopping	hopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	scarcely	scarcely	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	obj	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	hopping	hopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **store** | present | Elastic tendons | energy |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme |
| 2 | **cost** | present | rapid hopping | more |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme more=Value |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tail alone propels the animal at great speed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes:e1:o2:1
# text = The tail alone propels the animal at great speed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	propels	propel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **propel** | present | the tail | the animal |  | great speed |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hopping requires greater effort at each increase of speed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes:e1:o3:1
# text = Hopping requires greater effort at each increase of speed
1	Hopping	hopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	increase	increase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Hopping | greater effort |  | each increase of speed |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme effort=Precondition |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animal moves backwards as readily as forwards

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes:e1:o4:1
# text = The animal moves backwards as readily as forwards
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	backwards	backwards	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	as	as	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	readily	readily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	forwards	forward	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | the animal |  |  |  |  | as forwards; backwards, readily *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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