---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the prolonged rest of the koala? Exam question 1 of lesson 104 «Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti
---

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# Exam question 1 · Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the prolonged rest of the koala?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, prolong · **To what, where:** prolonged rest

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 104 «Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the prolonged rest of the koala?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	koala	koala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the prolonged rest of the koala |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **prolong** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It results from intoxication by the eucalyptus leaf, which acts upon the koala as a strong drug

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus:e1:o1:1
# text = It results from intoxication by the eucalyptus leaf, which acts upon the koala as a strong drug
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	intoxication	intoxication	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	acts	act	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	koala	koala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	drug	drug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** | present | results from intoxication by the eucalyptus leaf |  |  |  |  | upon the koala; as a strong drug | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as drug=Attribute |
| 2 | **result** |  | the eucalyptus leaf |  |  | intoxication |  |  | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: from=place by=agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is undertaken by day because the koala hunts by night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus:e1:o2:1
# text = It is undertaken by day because the koala hunts by night
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	undertaken	undertake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	koala	koala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undertake** | present · passive |  | It |  |  | day |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **hunt** | present | the koala |  |  |  | night |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It conserves the scant energy furnished by eucalyptus leaves, which are poisonous and difficult to digest

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus:e1:o3:1
# text = It conserves the scant energy furnished by eucalyptus leaves, which are poisonous and difficult to digest
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	conserves	conserve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	scant	scant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	furnished	furnish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	digest	digest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conserve** | present | It | the scant energy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **furnish** | participle |  | the scant energy *not said here* |  |  |  | by eucalyptus leaves | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | eucalyptus leaves |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  | eucalyptus leaves *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **digest** | to-infinitive | eucalyptus leaves *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is observed only during the winter months

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus:e1:o4:1
# text = It is observed only during the winter months
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | present · passive |  | It |  |  | month |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/)