--- title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The polar zone: polar bears · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the fur and skin of the polar bear? Exam question 1 of lesson 105 «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The polar zone: polar bears](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · The polar zone: polar bears Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the fur and skin of the polar bear? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** fur This is exam question 1 of lesson 105 «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears:e1:1 # text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the fur and skin of the polar bear? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 statements statement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod _ _ 7 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 characterises characteris VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 fur fur NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 17 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **characteris** | present | | the fur and skin of the polar bear | | | | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} The hairs are white and the skin is pink ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears:e1:o1:1 # text = The hairs are white and the skin is pink 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 hairs hair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 pink pink ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the hairs | | | | | white *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | the skin | | | | | pink *property* | tree rules | ### Option 2 {#o2} The hairs contain a white colouring, and the skin beneath them is likewise white ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears:e1:o2:1 # text = The hairs contain a white colouring, and the skin beneath them is likewise white 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 hairs hair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 contain contain VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 colouring colouring NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 11 beneath beneath ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 14 likewise likewise ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **contain** | present | the hairs | a white colouring | | | | | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot colouring=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | the skin beneath hairs | | | | | likewise, white *property* | tree rules | ### Option 3 {#o3} The hairs are black and appear white owing to frost ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears:e1:o3:1 # text = The hairs are black and appear white owing to frost 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 hairs hair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 appear appear VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 7 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 xcomp _ _ 8 owing owe VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 xcomp _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 frost frost VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the hairs | | | | | black *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **appear** | present | the hairs *not said here* | | | | | white *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | | 3 | **owe** | gerund | the hairs *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **frost** | to-infinitive | the hairs *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4} The hairs are transparent and hollow, appearing white by scattering light, and the skin beneath is black ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears:e1:o4:1 # text = The hairs are transparent and hollow, appearing white by scattering light, and the skin beneath is black 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 hairs hair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 transparent transparent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 hollow hollow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 appearing appear VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 9 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 xcomp _ _ 10 by by SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 11 scattering scatter VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 advcl _ _ 12 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 beneath beneath NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 19 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the hairs | | | | | transparent *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | the hairs *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **appear** | gerund | the hairs *not said here* | | | | | white *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **scatter** | gerund | the hairs *not said here* | light | | | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent light=Theme | | 5 | **is** | present | the skin beneath | | | | | black *property* | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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