---
title: my cousin says swamps are just useless smelly land, better drained.… — Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs · tree and pragmatics
description: my cousin says swamps are just useless smelly land, better drained. right? Test 1 of lesson 11 «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 1 · Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my cousin says swamps are just useless smelly land, better drained. right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cousin, swamps, useless smelly land · **What happens:** say, be, drain · **To what, where:** useless smelly land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 11 «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/#t1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t1:1
# text = my cousin says swamps are just useless smelly land, better drained. right?
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	swamps	swamp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	useless	useless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	smelly	smelly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	12	advmod	_	_
12	drained	drain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
14	right	right	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | my cousin |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | swamps | useless smelly land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **drain** | past | useless smelly land *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, but only because they look pretty

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t1:o1:1
# text = No, but only because they look pretty
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	pretty	pretty	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | they |  |  |  |  | pretty *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, draining them always stops floods and gives farms

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t1:o2:1
# text = Yes, draining them always stops floods and gives farms
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	draining	drain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	floods	flood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drain** | gerund |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source |
| 2 | **stop** | present | draining | floods |  |  |  | always *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality flood=Eventuality |
| 3 | **give** | present | draining *not said here* | farms |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farm=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, wetlands soak up floods, clean water and store lots of carbon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t1:o3:1
# text = No, wetlands soak up floods, clean water and store lots of carbon
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	wetlands	wetland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	soak	soak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	floods	flood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	store	store	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **soak up** | present | wetlands | floods and clean water and store lots of carbon |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent flood=Source |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, nothing useful lives in them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t1:o4:1
# text = Yes, nothing useful lives in them
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	compound	_	_
4	useful	useful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/e4/)
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