---
title: In a cartoon, a Venus flytrap chases the hero through a jungle snapp… — Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon, a Venus flytrap chases the hero through a jungle snapping at him. What is wrong? Test 3 of lesson 11 «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

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# Test 3 · Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon, a Venus flytrap chases the hero through a jungle snapping at him. What is wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Venus flytrap, jungle · **What happens:** chase, snap, be · **To what, where:** hero, cartoon

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 11 «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon, a Venus flytrap chases the hero through a jungle snapping at him.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t3:1
# text = In a cartoon, a Venus flytrap chases the hero through a jungle snapping at him.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Venus	Venus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	flytrap	flytrap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	chases	chase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	through	through	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	jungle	jungle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	snapping	snap	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | present | a Venus flytrap | the hero |  | a cartoon |  | through a jungle | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hero=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory |
| 2 | **snap** | gerund | a jungle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at flytrap | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at he=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t3:2
# text = What is wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, they hunt large animals in jungles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t3:o1:1
# text = Nothing, they hunt large animals in jungles
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hunt	hunt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	jungles	jungle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | present | they | large animals |  | jungles |  | Nothing *vocative* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent animal=Theme in jungle=Location |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a small plant of Carolina bogs that cannot move or eat people

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t3:o2:1
# text = It is a small plant of Carolina bogs that cannot move or eat people
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Carolina	Carolina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	bogs	bog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
15	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a small plant |  |  |  | of Carolina bogs | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **move** | can | Carolina bogs |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | infinitive | Carolina bogs *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It should be chasing him underwater

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t3:o3:1
# text = It should be chasing him underwater
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	chasing	chase	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	underwater	underwater	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | should · progressive | It | him *= he* |  |  |  | underwater *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It should be smaller, but it does live in jungles and can walk about slowly at night

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs:t3:o4:1
# text = It should be smaller, but it does live in jungles and can walk about slowly at night
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	jungles	jungle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
15	about	about	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | should | It |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present · do-support | it |  |  | jungles |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in jungle=Location |
| 3 | **walk** | can |  |  |  |  | night | slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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