---
title: Determine the reason for which certain institutions have ceased to m… — Why zoos exist and what critics say · tree and pragmatics
description: Determine the reason for which certain institutions have ceased to maintain orcas and elephants. Exam question 4 of lesson 115 «Why zoos exist and what critics say» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choi
---

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# Exam question 4 · Why zoos exist and what critics say

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine the reason for which certain institutions have ceased to maintain orcas and elephants.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, certain institutions · **What happens:** determine, cease, maintain · **To what, where:** reason, orcas

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 115 «Why zoos exist and what critics say» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say:e4:1
# text = Determine the reason for which certain institutions have ceased to maintain orcas and elephants.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
6	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	institutions	institution	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	ceased	cease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	maintain	maintain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	orcas	orca	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **cease** | present · perfect | certain institutions |  |  |  |  | for the reason | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **maintain** | to-infinitive | certain institutions *not said here* | orcas and elephants |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent orca=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Such species are legally classified as domestic animals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say:e4:o1:1
# text = Such species are legally classified as domestic animals
1	Such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	legally	legally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	classified	classify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	domestic	domestic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **classify** | present · passive |  | Such species |  |  |  | as domestic animals; legally *property* | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme as animal=Attribute |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Such species are now extinct in the wild

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say:e4:o2:1
# text = Such species are now extinct in the wild
1	Such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
5	extinct	extinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wild	wild	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Such species |  |  | the wild | now | extinct *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Such species require extensive space and have frequently suffered in confinement

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say:e4:o3:1
# text = Such species require extensive space and have frequently suffered in confinement
1	Such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	require	require	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	extensive	extensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	suffered	suffer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Such species | extensive space |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme space=Precondition |
| 2 | **suffer** | present · perfect | Such species *not said here* |  |  | confinement |  | frequently *property* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Such species are no longer of any interest whatsoever to the visiting public or to the press

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say:e4:o4:1
# text = Such species are no longer of any interest whatsoever to the visiting public or to the press
1	Such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	no	no	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	visiting	visit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
13	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advcl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	press	press	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Such species |  |  |  |  | of any interest; long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **visit** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Why zoos exist and what critics say, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say/e3/)
- next →: [Famous zoos in the USA and the UK, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/116-famous-zoos-in-the-usa-and-the-uk/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Why zoos exist and what critics say](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say/)