---
title: Identify the principal cause of the decline of the southern corrobor… — Zoos in Australia and around the world… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal cause of the decline of the southern corroboree frog. Exam question 2 of lesson 117 «Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myths put right» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti
---

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# Exam question 2 · Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myt…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal cause of the decline of the southern corroboree frog.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, southern corroboree frog · **What happens:** identify, cause, decline · **To what, where:** principal cause, decline

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 117 «Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myths put right» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal cause of the decline of the southern corroboree frog.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	decline	decline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	corroboree	corroboree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal cause of the decline of the southern corroboree frog |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent cause=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** |  |  | the decline of the southern corroboree frog |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **decline** |  | the southern corroboree frog |  |  |  |  |  | nom decline «process intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The construction of the Sydney Opera House

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:e2:o1:1
# text = The construction of the Sydney Opera House
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	construction	construction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	Opera	Opera	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	House	House	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **construct** |  |  | the Sydney Opera House |  |  |  |  | nom construction «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Excessive collection by tourists

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:e2:o2:1
# text = Excessive collection by tourists
1	Excessive	excessive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	collection	collection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	tourists	tourist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Infection by chytrid fungus

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:e2:o3:1
# text = Infection by chytrid fungus
1	Infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	chytrid	chytrid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	fungus	fungus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **infect** |  | chytrid fungus |  |  |  |  |  | nom infection «state transitive»: by=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Predation by released zoo crocodiles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:e2:o4:1
# text = Predation by released zoo crocodiles
1	Predation	predation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	released	release	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
4	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **release** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer |
| 2 | **predate** |  | released zoo crocodiles |  |  |  |  |  | nom predation «act transitive»: by=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Zoos in Australia and around the world…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/e1/)
- next →: [Zoos in Australia and around the world…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myths put right](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/)